H Atapour
Abstract
The Quaternary aeolian sands occur in northern and southern parts of the urban areas of the Kerman city. The important aeolian and interlayered sedimentary structures are cross- bedding and ripple mark. Diameter of the aeolian sands ranges from 0.06 to 2 mm, but coarse- grained (gravel size) alluvial ...
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The Quaternary aeolian sands occur in northern and southern parts of the urban areas of the Kerman city. The important aeolian and interlayered sedimentary structures are cross- bedding and ripple mark. Diameter of the aeolian sands ranges from 0.06 to 2 mm, but coarse- grained (gravel size) alluvial deposits are interlayered within the aeolian sands. Mineralogy and petrography of the aeolian sands indicate the presence of rock fragments (30 % carbonate, 25 % igneous and 5 % metamorphic rocks), silicate minerals (15 %) and non-silicate minerals (25 %). The Aeolian sands contain calcite (10%), quartz - chert (12%), alkali feldspar- plagioclase (5%), iron-titanium oxides (5%), clinopyroxene (2%), amphibole (1%) and gypsum (5%). Normative minerals include 30% calcite, 15.4% quartz, 12.5% orthoclase, 10% albite, 2.5% anorthite, 2% diopside, 1% enstatite, 4.6% clay minerals, 0.37% apatite, 3% gypsum, 3% hematite, 0.45% brookite and 10% dolomite. Major element composition of 22 aeolian samples analyzed by XRF and ICP-OES methods shows the frequent occurrence of calcium oxide and lower content of silica compared to the aeolian sands of other regions of the world, though the other major oxides are similar to the aeolian sands of Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Mexico and Namibia. Geochemical diagrams of K2O/Al2O3 versus Na2O/Al2O3and SiO2/Al2O3versus Fe2O3/K2Oand Na2O/K2O suggest a combined provenance of the igneous, metamorphic and carbonate sedimentary rocks for the aeolian sands around the urban areas of the Kerman city.
H Atapour
Abstract
To assess the environmental impacts of essential and toxic elements on the 1:50000 scale map of the urban areas of Kerman city, 220 samples of residual and nonresidual soils were collected by systematic random sampling method.Based on analytical data, high values of Ca (23.6 %wt), Na (3.86 %wt), K (2.36 ...
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To assess the environmental impacts of essential and toxic elements on the 1:50000 scale map of the urban areas of Kerman city, 220 samples of residual and nonresidual soils were collected by systematic random sampling method.Based on analytical data, high values of Ca (23.6 %wt), Na (3.86 %wt), K (2.36 %wt), Li (49.18 ppm), B (65.8 ppm), and low values of Se (0.12 ppm) in residual soils indicate calcareous and silty – clayey (playa) nature of the soils around the Kerman city.Anthropogenic polluted soil samples around the gasoline stations are enriched in Pb (84 ppm), Zn (250 ppm), Rb (983 ppm), B(158 ppm). The high values of Cu (715 ppm), Mo (4.26 ppm), Pb (10125 ppm), Zn (275 ppm), Sn (100.3 ppm),W (4.36 ppm), As (19.6 ppm) and Li (70.4 ppm) from themachinery battery and manufacture stations are noteworthy. The soil samples close to the machinery paint workingsites contain 0.38 wt% S, 205 ppm Cu, 2.69 ppm Mo, 318 ppm Pb, 310 ppm Zn, 19.3 ppm Sn, 3.25ppm W, 20.3 ppm As, 4.65 ppm Sb, 80 ppm Li and 115.4 ppm B. The high values of Zn (1903 ppm) are indicative of agricultural soils in the pistachio gardens. The soils developed on the disposal wastes include 7.58 wt% S, 392 ppm Pb, 275 ppm Zn, 26.7 ppm As, 5.32 ppm Sb, 807 ppm Rb and 651 ppm Sr, respectively. The enrichment factors follow: Pb (1358), Cu (72), Mo (8.94)and Sn (242) in soils around the machinery battery and manufacture stations, As (5.7)in soils close to gasoline stations, Zn (20.8) in agricultural soils and Sb (10.24) in rail road soils indicate thehighly polluted soils.The geoaccumulation indexes forsoilsaround themachinery battery and manufacture stations includeCu (3.96), Pb (8.18), Sn (4.48), W (2.09) and Zn(0.83) in pistachio gardensreflect the highly polluted nature of the soils.
